• Mission Statement

    "To empower individuals and organizations through innovative technology solutions, fostering connectivity, enhancing productivity, and driving sustainable growth in a digital world."

    Vision Statement

    "To be a leading force in transforming lives and businesses through cutting-edge ICT, enabling seamless communication and collaboration for a smarter, more connected future."

    Teacher: Joshua

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Available courses

DICT Module 1 Operating System

DICT Module 1 Operating System INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEMS DEFINITION OF OPERATING SYSTEM An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between the user of a computer and the computer hardware. The purpose of an operating system is to provide an environment in which a user can execute programs in a convenientand efficientmanner DEFINITION OF TERMS IN OPERATING SYSTEM (a) System Calls and System Programs System calls/monitor call System call provide an interface between the process and the operating system. It is a request made by any program to the operating system for performing task. It is used whenever a program needs to access a restricted source e.g. a file on the hard disc, any hardware device. Type of system calls: i.Process control(e.g., create and terminate processes* load ,execute* end abort* wait signal event etc.) ii.File management(e.g., open and close files,* create file, delete file* read , write) iii.Device management(e.g., read and write operations* request or release a device) iv.Information maintenance(e.g., get time or date* set process, file or device attributes* get system data) v.Communication(e.g., send and receive messages) System calls allow user-level processesto request some services from the operating system which process itself is not allowed to do. In handling the trap, the operating system will enter in the kernel mode, where it has access to privileged instructions, and can perform the desired service on the behalf of user-level process. It is because of the critical nature of operations that the operating system itself does them every time they are needed. For example, for an I/O a process involves a system call telling the OS to read or write particular area and this request is satisfied by the operating system. System programs Provide a convenient environment for program development (editors, compilers) and execution (shells). Some of them are simply user interfaces to system calls; 

INTROCTION TO COMPUTERS

Introduction to Computer" typically covers the fundamental concepts of computing, including:

 

1.  History of Computers: Overview of the evolution from early mechanical devices to modern digital computers.

 

2.  Hardware vs. Software: Explanation of the physical components (hardware) and the programs and operating systems (software) that run on computers.

 

3.  Types of Computers: Discussion of various types, such as desktops, laptops, tablets, and servers, along with their uses.

 

4.  Operating Systems: Introduction to operating systems (e.g., Windows, macros, Linux) and their role in managing hardware and software resources.

 

5.  Programming Basics: A brief overview of programming languages and concepts, including algorithms and problem-solving.

 

6.  Networking and the Internet: Introduction to computer networks, the internet, and how computers communicate with each other.

 

7.  Applications of Computers: Exploration of various applications across fields like business, education, healthcare, and entertainment.

 

8.  Ethical and Social Issues: Discussion on the impact of computers on society, including topics like privacy, security, and digital citizenship.

Structured Programming

Structured programming is a programming paradigm aimed at improving the clarity and efficiency of software development. It emphasizes the use of clear, linear flow control and the use of subroutines or functions. Here’s a brief description:

Key Concepts of Structured Programming

  1. Control Structures:

    • Sequence: Executes statements in a linear order.
    • Selection: Uses conditional statements (like if, else, switch) to control the flow based on conditions.
    • Iteration: Implements loops (for, while) to repeat actions.

  2. Modularity:

    • Programs are divided into smaller, manageable sections (modules or functions) that can be developed and tested independently.

  3. Top-Down Design:

    • The problem is broken down into smaller sub-problems. Each sub-problem is addressed through its own function or module, promoting clarity and maintainability.

  4. Code Readability:

    • Emphasizes writing code that is easy to read and understand, which aids in debugging and future maintenance.

  5. Avoidance of GOTO Statements:

    • Encourages structured flow control rather than using goto, which can lead to "spaghetti code" that is difficult to follow.

Benefits of Structured Programming

  • Improved Clarity: Enhances the readability and maintainability of code.
  • Easier Debugging: Simplifies the process of identifying and fixing errors.
  • Reusability: Modular code allows for functions and modules to be reused in different programs.
  • Collaboration: Facilitates teamwork, as different programmers can work on separate modules.

Common Languages

Languages that support structured programming include C, Pascal, and Ada, although many modern languages like Python and Java also embrace structured programming principles.